{"id":6581,"date":"2025-07-10T11:27:42","date_gmt":"2025-07-10T11:27:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.biltekkalite.com\/?page_id=6581"},"modified":"2025-09-22T11:58:21","modified_gmt":"2025-09-22T11:58:21","slug":"ndt-tahribatsiz-muayene","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.biltekkalite.com\/en\/ndt-tahribatsiz-muayene\/","title":{"rendered":"NDT \u2013 Non-Destructive Testing"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t

NDT \u2013 Non-Destructive Testing<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

As Biltek Quality Engineering Services, the Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) services we offer ensure the detection of surface and structural defects across a wide range of areas, from basic materials to final products, assemblies, and industrial equipment. This enables the prevention of risks and costs that may arise from potential material failures in advance, creating safe and sustainable processes.<\/p>

Our services are conducted in full compliance with nationally and internationally recognized standards, contributing to businesses' operational efficiency, product reliability, and sustainable quality management.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

\u00a0<\/h2>

Radiographic Examination<\/h2>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div>

Radiographic inspection, one of the volumetric methods of non-destructive testing, is used to detect internal defects in welded joints, castings, forgings, and plastic products using naturally occurring radioactive isotopes (Ir-192, Se-75, Co-60) or X-rays.<\/p>

The beam of radiation emitted from the radiation source penetrates the test piece and, after weakening at varying rates, strikes the film placed behind the test piece. Linear X-rays and gamma rays, due to the differing densities of the material and the discontinuities within it, cause the projections of these discontinuities to be clearly visible on the film.<\/p>

Radiographic testing provides highly accurate results, and these results can be permanently recorded. It can be applied to all materials. The accuracy and reliability of the radiographic examination performed can be understood through the radiographs.<\/p>

As a disadvantage, it contains radiation and can be harmful to health if the necessary precautions are not taken. Exposing, developing, and viewing the film is a relatively slow technique. Furthermore, it is not possible to obtain information about the depth of the defect detected beneath the surface.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Some Standards Used in Radiographic Testing:<\/span><\/div><\/div>

EN ISO 5579 \u2013 Non-destructive testing \u2013 General principles for radiographic examination of metallic materials using film and X-rays or gamma rays
EN ISO 17636 \u2013 1 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welds \u2013 Radiographic testing \u2013 Part 1: Film-based X-ray and gamma-ray techniques
EN ISO 17636-2 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welds \u2013 Radiographic testing \u2013 Part 1: X-ray and gamma-ray techniques using digital detectors
EN ISO 10675 \u2013 1 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welds \u2013 Acceptance levels for radiographic testing \u2013 Part 1: Steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys
EN 12681 \u2013 Casting \u2013 Radiographic inspection
EN ISO 10893-6 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of steel pipes \u2013 Part 6: Radiographic examination of welded joints in welded steel pipes for the detection of defects
EN ISO 10893-7 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of steel pipes \u2013 Part 7: Digital radiographic examination of welded steel pipes for the detection of defects
TS EN ISO 10042 \u2013 Welding \u2013 Arc welded joints in aluminum and alloys \u2013 Quality levels for irregularities
ISO 11971 \u2013 Surface quality of steel castings AD 2000-MERKBLATT HP 5\/3: Manufacture and testing of joints \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welded joints. Visual inspection
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code \u2013 Section V: Nondestructive Examination
ASME B31.1 Power Piping Changes
ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code Changes
ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
API 5L Specification for Line Pipe
API 653 Aboveground Storage Tank Inspector
API 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Ultrasonic Inspection<\/h2>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Ultrasonic Testing is a volumetric non-destructive testing (NDT) method. The working principle of Ultrasonic Testing is based on the echo generated by the reverse piezoelectric effect in the probe, which produces short-pulse sound waves using a piezoelectric crystal, and the return of this echo from the back wall of the material to the device. The echo returning from a discontinuity in the material appears as a peak on the device screen.<\/p>

The greatest advantage of ultrasonic testing is that it reveals the location of discontinuities within the material. When ultrasonic testing is performed on welded metals, the location of discontinuities at the root of the weld and in the heat-affected zone can be determined. Based on the working principle of the ultrasonic test mentioned, the thicknesses of materials are also measured. It can also be used to detect volumetric defects and crack-type surface defects in metallic or non-metallic materials.<\/p>

The ultrasonic test is portable and provides instant results. Its disadvantage is that it can only be applied to materials thicker than 8mm. Furthermore, it is difficult to apply the ultrasonic method to austenitic (coarse-grained) materials.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Some Standards Used in Ultrasonic Testing:<\/h5>

EN ISO 16810 \u2013 Non-destructive testing \u2013 Ultrasonic testing: General rules
EN ISO 11666 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of materials \u2013 Ultrasonic testing \u2013 Acceptance levels
EN ISO 22825 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welds \u2013 Ultrasonic testing \u2013 Inspection of welds in austenitic steels and nickel-based alloys
EN ISO 12680 \u2013 1 \u2013 Castings \u2013 Ultrasonic testing \u2013 Part 1: General purpose steel castings
EN ISO 12680 \u2013 2 \u2013 Casting \u2013 Ultrasonic testing \u2013 Part 2: Steel castings subject to high stresses
EN ISO 12680 \u2013 3 \u2013 Casting \u2013 Ultrasonic testing \u2013 Part 3: Cast iron with spheroidal graphite
EN 10228 \u2013 3 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of steel forgings \u2013 Part 3: Ultrasonic testing of ferritic or martensitic steel forgings.
EN 10228 \u2013 4 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of steel forgings \u2013 Part 4: Ultrasonic testing of austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steel forgings
EN ISO 10893-8 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of steel tubes \u2013 Part 8: Automatic ultrasonic testing of seamless and welded tubes for the detection of planar defects
EN ISO 10893-9 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of steel tubes \u2013 Part 9: Automatic ultrasonic testing of steel strips\/plates used in the manufacture of welded tubes for the detection of planar defects
EN ISO 10893-10 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of steel pipes \u2013 Part 10: Automatic full-circumference ultrasonic testing of seamless and welded steel pipes (excluding submerged arc welded pipes) for the detection of longitudinal and\/or transverse defects
EN ISO 10893-11 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of steel pipes \u2013 Part 11: Automatic ultrasonic testing of welded steel pipes for the detection of transverse and\/or longitudinal defects
TS EN ISO 10042 \u2013 Welding \u2013 Arc welded joints in aluminum and alloys \u2013 Quality levels for irregularities
EN 10308 \u2013 Non-destructive testing \u2013 Ultrasonic testing of steel bars
ISO 11971 \u2013 Surface quality of steel castings AD 2000-MERKBLATT HP 5\/3: Manufacture and testing of joints \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welded joints. Visual inspection
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code \u2013 Section V: Nondestructive Examination
ASME B31.1 Power Piping Changes
ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code Changes
ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
API 5L Specification for Line Pipe
API 653 Aboveground Storage Tank Inspector
API 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Magnetic Particle Test

<\/span><\/h2>

Magnetic particle testing (MT) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) method used to inspect the surface integrity of ferromagnetic materials. The basic principle involves magnetizing the material to be tested. The magnetization process is achieved by passing an electric current or magnetic flux through the part. This can be done using a hand-held yoke, an electro-coil, a central conductor, or a moving electrode. Since the test materials are ferromagnetic, they contribute to the passage of the magnetic flux.<\/p>

Surface and near-surface defects and voids within a magnetic field impede and deflect magnetic field lines. This results in concentrated leakage flux over the defect. When a liquid containing small magnetic particles is applied, these particles accumulate around the defects, making them visible to the naked eye. To make the defects more clearly visible, a white contrast agent is applied to the material before testing. For high sensitivity, a fluorescent liquid is used under ultraviolet (UV) light. This requires a dark testing environment.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

Key advantages of magnetic particle testing:<\/strong><\/p>

  • Inspection of large surfaces can be performed quickly, with immediate results.<\/li>
  • Defects can be seen directly on the surface along with their dimensions.<\/li>
  • The equipment is relatively inexpensive.<\/li>
  • It is portable. In the absence of electricity, a battery-operated neck brace can be used.<\/li>
  • There is no critical surface preparation and cleaning.

    Apart from these advantages, its application is limited to ferromagnetic materials only. It does not work on surfaces coated with paint or similar materials. It does not produce reliable results on rough surfaces.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Some Standards Used in Magnetic Particle Testing:<\/span><\/p>

    EN ISO 9934-1 2016 \u2013 Non-destructive testing \u2013 Magnetic particle testing \u2013 Part 1: General rules
    EN 1330-7 \u2013 Non-Destructive Testing \u2013 Terminology \u2013 Part 7: Terms used in magnetic particle testing
    EN ISO 17638 \u2013 Non-Destructive Testing of Welds \u2013 Magnetic Particle Testing
    EN ISO 23278 \u2013 Non-Destructive Testing of Welds \u2013 Magnetic particle testing \u2013 Acceptance levels
    EN 1369 \u2013 Castings \u2013 Magnetic particle inspection
    EN 10228-1 Non-destructive testing of steel forgings \u2013 Part 1: Magnetic particle testing
    EN ISO 10893-5 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of steel tubes \u2013 Part 5: Magnetic particle testing of seamless and welded ferromagnetic steel tubes for the detection of surface defects
    ISO 11971 \u2013 Surface quality of steel castings AD 2000-MERKBLATT HP 5\/3: Manufacture and testing of joints \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welded joints. Visual inspection
    ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code \u2013 Section V: Nondestructive Examination
    ASME B31.1 Power Piping Changes
    ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code Changes
    ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
    API 5L Specification for Line Pipe
    API 653 Aboveground Storage Tank Inspector
    API 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Liquid Penetrant Test

    <\/span><\/h2><\/div>

    Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT) is used to detect surface cracks. Penetrant testing can be applied to a wide variety of materials: metallic and non-metallic, magnetic and non-magnetic, and conductive and non-conductive. Examples of metallic materials that can be tested include aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper, brass, bronze, and many alloys; examples of non-metallic materials include ceramics, plastics, and glass. This method uses the capillary effect principle. A low-viscosity liquid dye is applied to the test piece. Due to its low viscosity, it is well drawn into surface discontinuities. After sufficient penetration time, excess liquid is rinsed off. After drying, a chalk-like developer is applied. The developer draws out the penetrated dye. The defect becomes visible and can be interpreted by the operator. For high sensitivity, fluorescent penetrant is used under ultraviolet (UV) light. This requires a dark testing environment.<\/p>

    There are certain properties that the penetrant fluids used in every liquid penetrant inspection must possess. These are:<\/p><\/div><\/div>

    • It spreads easily over the entire surface of the test piece.<\/li>
    • It enters discontinuity due to capillary action.<\/li>
    • During intermediate cleaning, it is easily removed from the part surface but remains within the discontinuity.<\/li>
    • It remains liquid during examination and is easily reabsorbed.<\/li>
    • Its fluorescent properties make it easy to spot and provide high visibility.<\/li>
    • It does not deform the part.<\/li>
    • There is no harm to the operator.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      In addition to these, liquid penetrant testing generally stands out as an economical, portable, and fast method. It is highly sensitive to adjacent discontinuities, and all discontinuities on the surface can be detected in a single operation.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

      Some Standards Used in Liquid Penetrant Testing:<\/h5>

      TS EN ISO 3452-1 \u2013 Non-destructive testing \u2013 Penetrant testing \u2013 Part 1: General rules
      EN ISO 23277 2015 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welds \u2013 Penetrant testing of welds \u2013 Acceptance levels
      TS EN 1371-1 2012 \u2013 Castings \u2013 Liquid penetrant inspection \u2013 Part 1: Sand, non-pressure and low-pressure molds
      TS EN 1371-2 2015 \u2013 Castings \u2013 Liquid penetrant testing \u2013 Part 2: Precision castings
      EN ISO 10228-2 \u2013 \u00c7elik d\u00f6vmelerin tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 2: Penetrant muayenesi
      EN ISO 10893-84 \u2013 \u00c7elik borular\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 4: Y\u00fczey kusurlar\u0131n\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in diki\u015fsiz ve kaynakl\u0131 \u00e7elik borular\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131 penetrant muayenesi
      TS EN ISO 10042 \u2013 Welding \u2013 Arc welded joints in aluminum and alloys \u2013 Quality levels for irregularities
      ISO 11971 \u2013 Surface quality of steel castings AD 2000-MERKBLATT HP 5\/3: Manufacture and testing of joints \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welded joints. Visual inspection
      ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code \u2013 Section V: Nondestructive Examination
      ASME B31.1 Power Piping Changes
      ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code Changes
      ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
      API 5L Specification for Line Pipe
      API 653 Aboveground Storage Tank Inspector
      API 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      Visual Inspection

      <\/h2>

      Visual testing (VT) involves visually inspecting the surface of the test piece to assess the presence of surface discontinuities such as corrosion, misalignment of parts, physical damage, and cracks. Visual tests can be performed by looking directly at the test piece or by using optical instruments such as magnifying glasses, mirrors, borescopes, and computer-aided imaging systems. Visual inspection can be applied to examine castings, forgings, machined parts, and welds, and is used in all branches of industry.<\/p>

      During examinations, auxiliary tools such as endoscopes, mirrors, and borescopes may be used as necessary, depending on the shape and structure of the material and the accessibility of the area to be examined.\u00a0<\/p>

      Visual inspection may seem like a simple method, but it is an important inspection method. It must be performed before other non-destructive inspection methods are applied.<\/p>

      If visual inspection is performed before welding, during welding, and after welding, discontinuities can be detected without the need to apply other non-destructive testing methods, thereby preventing excessive costs and saving time.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      Some Standards Used in Visual Testing:<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div>

      EN 13018 \u2013 Non-destructive testing \u2013 Visual inspection \u2013 General rules
      EN 1330-10 Non-destructive testing \u2013 Terminology \u2013 Part 10: Terms used in visual inspection
      EN ISO 17637 \u2013 Non-destructive testing of fusion welds \u2013 Visual inspection of fusion welded joints
      EN ISO 5817 \u2013 Welding \u2013 Fusion welding of steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys (excluding spot welding) \u2013 Quality levels for defects
      TS EN ISO 10042 \u2013 Welding \u2013 Arc welded joints in aluminum and alloys \u2013 Quality levels for irregularities
      ISO 11971 \u2013 Visual inspection for surface quality of steel castings
      ISO 11971 \u2013 Surface quality of steel castings AD 2000-MERKBLATT HP 5\/3: Manufacture and testing of joints \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welded joints. Visual inspection
      ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code \u2013 Section V: Nondestructive Examination
      ASME B31.1 Power Piping Changes
      ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code Changes
      ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
      API 5L Specification for Line Pipe
      API 653 Aboveground Storage Tank Inspector
      API 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities
      Visual testing (VT) involves visually inspecting the surface of the test piece to assess the presence of surface discontinuities such as corrosion, misalignment of parts, physical damage, and cracks. Visual tests can be performed by looking directly at the test piece or by using optical instruments such as magnifying glasses, mirrors, borescopes, and computer-aided imaging systems. Visual inspection can be applied to examine castings, forgings, machined parts, and welds, and is used in all branches of industry.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

      During examinations, auxiliary tools such as endoscopes, mirrors, and borescopes may be used as necessary, depending on the shape and structure of the material and the accessibility of the area to be examined.<\/p>

      Visual inspection may seem like a simple method, but it is an important inspection method. It must be performed before other non-destructive inspection methods are applied.<\/p>

      If visual inspection is performed before welding, during welding, and after welding, discontinuities can be detected without the need to apply other non-destructive testing methods, thereby preventing excessive costs and saving time.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      NDT \u2013 Tahribats\u0131z Muayene Biltek Kalite M\u00fchendislik Hizmetleri olarak sundu\u011fumuz Tahribats\u0131z Muayene (NDT) hizmetleri; temel malzemelerden nihai \u00fcr\u00fcnlere, montajlardan end\u00fcstriyel ekipmanlara kadar geni\u015f bir alanda y\u00fczeysel ve yap\u0131sal kusurlar\u0131n tespit edilmesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Bu sayede, olas\u0131 malzeme ar\u0131zalar\u0131ndan kaynaklanabilecek riskler ve maliyetler \u00f6nceden \u00f6nlenerek g\u00fcvenli ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir s\u00fcre\u00e7ler olu\u015fturulmaktad\u0131r. Hizmetlerimiz, ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 ge\u00e7erlili\u011fe sahip standartlara tam uyum i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmekte olup, i\u015fletmelerin operasyonel verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmalar\u0131na, \u00fcr\u00fcn g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini sa\u011flamalar\u0131na ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalite y\u00f6netimi olu\u015fturmalar\u0131na katk\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0 Radyografik Muayene \u00a0 Tahribats\u0131z muayenenin hacimsel y\u00f6ntemlerinden radyografik muayene, do\u011fal radyoaktif izotoplar ( Ir-192, Se-75, Co-60) veya X-I\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak kaynakl\u0131 birle\u015ftirmeler, d\u00f6k\u00fcm, d\u00f6vme ve plastik mamullerin i\u00e7 kusurlar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Radyasyon kayna\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131\u015f\u0131n demeti test par\u00e7as\u0131na n\u00fcfuz eder ve farkl\u0131 oranlarda zay\u0131flayarak test par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f film \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fer. Do\u011frusal ilerleyen X ve Gama \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131, malzeme ile malzeme i\u00e7erisindeki s\u00fcreksizliklerin yo\u011funluklar\u0131 farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan s\u00fcreksizliklerin izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc filmde aynen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir. Radyografik Test \u00e7ok hassas sonu\u00e7lar verir ve bu sonu\u00e7lar kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak kaydedilebilir. B\u00fct\u00fcn malzemelere uygulanabilir. Yap\u0131lan radyografik muayenenin do\u011frulu ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi radyograflar \u00fczerinden anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Dezavantaj olarak radyasyon i\u00e7erdi\u011finden dolay\u0131 gerekli \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmazsa sa\u011fl\u0131k i\u00e7in zararl\u0131 olabilir. Filmin pozlanmas\u0131, banyolanmas\u0131 ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesi nispeten yava\u015f bir teknik olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Ayr\u0131ca y\u00fczey alt\u0131nda tespit edilen hatan\u0131n derinli\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilemez. Radyografik Testte Kullan\u0131lan Baz\u0131 Standartlar: EN ISO 5579 \u2013 Tahribats\u0131z muayene \u2013 Metalik malzemelerin film ve X veya gama \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131yla radyografik muayenesi i\u00e7in genel prensiplerEN ISO 17636 \u2013 1 \u2013\u00a0 Kaynak diki\u015flerinin tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 Radyografik muayene \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1: Filmli X ve gama \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 teknikleriEN ISO 17636 \u2013 2 \u2013 Kaynak diki\u015flerinin tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 Radyografik muayene \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1: Dijital detekt\u00f6rler ile X ve gama \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 teknikleriEN ISO 10675 \u2013 1 \u2013 Kaynaklar\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 Radyograifk muayene i\u00e7in kabul seviyeleri \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1: \u00c7elik, nikel, titanyum ve bunlar\u0131n ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131EN 12681 \u2013 D\u00f6k\u00fcm \u2013 Radyografik muayeneEN ISO 10893 \u2013 6 \u2013 \u00c7elik borular\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 6: Kusurlar\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in kaynakl\u0131 \u00e7elik borularda kaynak diki\u015finin radyografik muayenesiEN ISO 10893 \u2013 7 \u2013 \u00c7elik borular\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 7: Kusurlar\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in kaynakl\u0131 \u00e7elik borularda kaynak diki\u015finin dijital radyografik muayenesiTS EN ISO 10042 \u2013 Kaynak \u2013 Aluminyum ve ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131nda ark kaynakl\u0131 birle\u015ftirmeler \u2013 D\u00fczg\u00fcns\u00fczl\u00fckler i\u00e7in kalite seviyeleriAD 2000-MERKBLATT HP 5\/3 : Manufacture and testing of joints \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welded joints.ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code \u2013 Section V: Nondestructive ExaminationASME B31.1 Power Piping ChangesASME B31.3 Process Piping Code ChangesASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping SystemsAPI 5L Specification for Line PipeAPI 653 Aboveground Storage Tank InspectorAPI 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities Ultrasonik Muayene \u00a0 Ultrasonik Test, hacimsel tahribats\u0131z muayene (NDT) y\u00f6ntemidir. Ultrasonik Testin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi, prob i\u00e7erisine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ters piezoelektrik etki ile k\u0131sa darbeli ses dalgalar\u0131 \u00fcreten piezoelektrik kristale malzemenin arka duvar\u0131nda olu\u015fan yank\u0131n\u0131n geri gelip cihaza iletilmesine dayan\u0131r. Malzeme i\u00e7erisinde bir s\u00fcreksizlikten geri gelen yank\u0131 cihaz ekran\u0131nda pik olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Ultrasonik Testin en b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj\u0131 s\u00fcreksizliklerin malzeme i\u00e7erisindeki konumlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermesidir. Kaynakl\u0131 metallere ultrasonik test yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kaynak k\u00f6k\u00fcndeki ve haz b\u00f6lgesindeki s\u00fcreksizliklerin konumu belirlenebilir. Bahsedilen ultrasonik test \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibine dayal\u0131 olarak malzemelerin kal\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 da \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmektedir. Metalik veya metalik olmayan malzemelerde hacimsel hatalar ile \u00e7atlak t\u00fcr\u00fc y\u00fczey hatalar\u0131n\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir. Ultrasonik test portatiftir ve an\u0131nda sonu\u00e7 verir. Dezavantaj\u0131 ise 8mm den kal\u0131n malzemeler i\u00e7in uygulanabilir olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u00f6stenitik (kaba taneli) malzemeler i\u00e7in ultrasonik y\u00f6ntem uygulanmas\u0131 zordur. Ultrasonik Testte Kullan\u0131lan Baz\u0131 Standartlar: EN ISO 16810 \u2013 Tahribat\u0131z muayene \u2013 Ultrasonik muayene: Genel kurallarEN ISO 11666 \u2013 Kaynaklar\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 Ultrasonik muayene \u2013 Kabul seviyeleriEN ISO 22825 \u2013 Kaynaklar\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 Ultrasonik muayene \u2013 \u00d6stenitik \u00e7elikler ve nikel tabanl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131mlarda kaynaklar\u0131n muayenesiEN ISO 12680 \u2013 1 \u2013 D\u00f6k\u00fcm \u2013 Ultrasonik muayene \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1: Genel ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7elik d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerEN ISO 12680 \u2013 2 \u2013 D\u00f6k\u00fcm \u2013 Ultrasonik muayene \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 2: Y\u00fcksek gerilmelere maruz kalacak \u00e7elik d\u00f6k\u00fcm bile\u015fimlerEN ISO 12680 \u2013 3 \u2013 D\u00f6k\u00fcm \u2013 Ultrasonik muayene \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 3: K\u00fcresel grafitli demir d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerEN 10228 \u2013 3 \u2013 \u00c7elik d\u00f6vmelerin tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 3: Ferritik veya martenzitik \u00e7elik d\u00f6vmelerin ultrasonik muayenesi.EN 10228 \u2013 4 \u2013 \u00c7elik d\u00f6vmelerin tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 4: \u00d6stenitik ve \u00f6stebitik-ferritik paslanmaz \u00e7elik d\u00f6vmelerin ultrasonik muayenesiEN ISO 10893 \u2013 8 \u2013 \u00c7elik borular\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 8: D\u00fczlemsel kusurlar\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in diki\u015fsiz ve kaynakl\u0131 borular\u0131n otomatik ultrasonik muayenesiEN ISO 10893 \u2013 9 \u2013 \u00c7elik borular\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 9: D\u00fczlemsel kusurlar\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in kaynakl\u0131 borular\u0131n imal\u00e2t\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u00e7elik \u015feritlerin\/pl\u00e2kalar\u0131n otomatik ultrasonik muayenesiEN ISO 10893 \u2013 10 \u2013 \u00c7elik borular\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 10: Boyuna ve\/veya enine kusurlar\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in diki\u015fsiz ve kaynakl\u0131 (toz alt\u0131 ark kaynakl\u0131 hari\u00e7) \u00e7elik borular\u0131n otomatik tam \u00e7evre ultrasonik muayenesiEN ISO 10893 \u2013 11 \u2013 \u00c7elik borular\u0131n tahribats\u0131z muayenesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 11: Enine ve\/veya boyuna kusurlar\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in kaynak edilmi\u015f \u00e7elik borularda kaynak diki\u015finin otomatik ultrasonik muayenesiTS EN ISO 10042 \u2013 Kaynak \u2013 Aluminyum ve ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131nda ark kaynakl\u0131 birle\u015ftirmeler \u2013 D\u00fczg\u00fcns\u00fczl\u00fckler i\u00e7in kalite seviyeleriEN 10308 \u2013 Tahribats\u0131z muayene \u2013 \u00c7elik \u00e7ubuklar\u0131n ultrasonik muayenesiAD 2000-MERKBLATT HP 5\/3 : Manufacture and testing of joints \u2013 Non-destructive testing of welded joints.ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code \u2013 Section V: Nondestructive ExaminationASME B31.1 Power Piping ChangesASME B31.3 Process Piping Code ChangesASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping SystemsAPI 5L Specification for Line PipeAPI 653 Aboveground Storage Tank InspectorAPI 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities Manyetik Partik\u00fcl Test Manyetik par\u00e7ac\u0131k testi (MT), ferromanyetik malzemelerin y\u00fczey kusursuzlu\u011funu kontrol etmeye y\u00f6nelik bir NDT y\u00f6ntemidir. Temel mant\u0131k test edilecek malzemenin manyetize edilmesidir. Manyetize i\u015flemi, par\u00e7adan elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 veya do\u011frudan manyetik ak\u0131 ge\u00e7irilerek ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Bu, elde tutulan bir boyunduruk (yoke) kullanarak, elektro bobin kullan\u0131larak, merkezi kond\u00fckt\u00f6r kullanarak veya haraketli elektrot kullanarak yap\u0131labilir. Test malzemeleri ferromanyetik oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in manyetik ak\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mesine katk\u0131da bulunur. Manyetik alan i\u00e7erisinde y\u00fczeydeki ve y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n kusurlar ve bo\u015fluklar, manyetik alan ak\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mesini engeller ve sapt\u0131r\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece hata \u00fczerinde yo\u011fun ka\u00e7ak ak\u0131 olu\u015fur. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck manyetik par\u00e7ac\u0131klar i\u00e7eren bir s\u0131v\u0131 uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu par\u00e7ac\u0131klar kusurlar\u0131n etraf\u0131nda birikir ve onlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale getirir. Kusurlar\u0131n daha net g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale gelmesi i\u00e7in testten \u00f6nce malzemeye beyaz bir kontrast maddesi uygulan\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek hassasiyet i\u00e7in ultraviyole(mor) […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6581","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","post-no-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biltekkalite.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6581","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biltekkalite.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biltekkalite.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biltekkalite.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biltekkalite.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6581"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.biltekkalite.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6581\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biltekkalite.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}